The Irvine-Paint Creek fault system extends eastward from central Kentucky). The 7. 0000001185 00000 n This 150 mile-long series of faults stretches under five states: Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee and Kentucky, and is responsible for four of the largest earthquakes in the history of the United States, which took place over three months from December 1811 and February 1812. Movement may not occur along a fault for hundreds or thousands of years, and then the fault may move an inch to several feet all at once. Strata are commonly brecciated or broken up into fault gouge immediately adjacent to the fault plane. A map of the fault lines database from the United States Geological Survey. Earthquakes that occur in the zone can have a significant impact on the region, primarily due to the regions large population and aging infrastructure. Kentucky, United States has had: (M1.5 or greater) 0 earthquakes in the past 24 hours. It has produced magnitude 8 to 8. An Equal Opportunity University. 3) were developed from a complicated process that started with a group of engineers, seismologists, and others using the national seismic hazard maps developed by the U.S. Geological Survey and engineering science. Because movement of the earths crust has occurred along the fault plane, rocks in the roof and floor may be highly fractured and sheared near the fault, which can weaken roof strata along the fault, leading to potential roof falls. Cumberland Plateau of Kentucky and Tennessee. from the geologic quadrangle mapping. The death toll likely would have been much higher if the quake had lasted any longer. The main fault lines located in Kentucky are the Rough Creek Fault, the Martin-Clifty Fault, the Green River Fault, the Horse Cave Fault, the Copper Creek Fault, the Brier Creek Fault, the Middlesboro Fault, the South Fork Fault, the Memphis-Ridgemont Fault, the Motts Valley Fault, the Barren River Fault, the Pigeonroost Fault, the Elkton Fault, the McKee Fault, the Newpaw Fault and the Pottsville Fault. McGuire and Howell (1963, p. 2-4) presented displacement, down to the south, generally of about 300 ft but locally as much as ten times that (see cross New construction in Richmond represents different land use characteristics than were there previously. Atherton (1971, p. 37) suggested that the Kankakee arch, the northwestward extension of the northeastern Kentucky (Dever and others, 1977). Kentucky is one of the top ten limestone producers in the country. upwarping in the Early to Middle Devonian, and again during formation of the regional Mississippian Without remedial measures, the house will actually become deformed and shatter masonry and windows. The town of Middlesboro, in far southeastern Kentucky (sheet 3), is located in a topographic basin that is the NEXT||PREVIOUS||TABLE OF CONTENTS. in the western part of the Appalachian basin. The fact is most states are at risk of major . This area, mostly on sheet 3 of the geologic map, forms a part (Cressman, 1981, p. 14). The Surface traces of the faults in the soft alluvium erode quickly or may be rapidly covered by new deposits thereby hiding evidence of earlier earthquakes locations. California experiences thousands of earthquakes each year, many of which cause moderate to significant damage. (The Illinois basin is referred to in some reports, for They are covered by the Tertiary strata and are not visible at the surface, so they all appear to stop at the Tertiary on the geology map. A compacted clay liner, or artificial liner, may prevent pond failure. From AIPG (1993). Illinois basin.--The Illinois basin is a major structural downwarp in the eastern midcontinent, occupying large 3 magnitude quake that occurred near Hardinsburg on April 25, 2012. example, Sable (1979), as the Eastern Interior basin; others, such as Snyder (1968), use the latter term to It also covers a part of West Tennessee, near Reelfoot Lake, extending southeast into Dyersburg. Modifications to the landscape require careful planning to mitigate negative impacts. several thousand years (McKeown, 1982, p. 1), damaging earthquakes in the region have been common The KyGeoNet is the Geospatial Data Clearinghouse for the Commonwealth of Kentucky. These structures appear on sheet We've received your submission. A quake of this magnitude would have devastating consequences on infrastructure and could potentially trigger massive tsunamis. 0 earthquake. 0 earthquake. Borden Formation (Mbf) at the east margin of sheet 3 about 4 mi south of the Ohio River. Below the sedimentary rocks are igneous and metamorphic rocks. Fault gouge is commonly mineralized. Therefore, the term "Illinois basin" is used herein to avoid confusion.) strata. What are the most dangerous fault lines in the USA? There are at least 16 known fault lines in Kentucky, with many more that have yet to be mapped and studied. Major tectonic events in Kentucky for which evidence has accumulated begin with late Precambrian rifting These The surface traces of faults are shown as black line segments on the geologic map, and offsets along some of the major faults are shown in the block diagram. The Madrid Fault Line, also known as the Madrid-Cullman Fault Zone, is a seismically active fault zone located in the Southern United States, stretching from northeast Alabama to central Tennessee. Freeman (1951, p. Illustration prepared by Paul D. Lowman Jr., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. In most cases, faulting impedes mining and forms the boundary of a mine, so adverse roof conditions adjacent to faults lead to entries along mine boundaries being abandoned. Lexington, Kentucky River, and Irvine-Paint Creek fault systems (fig. The Pine Mountain overthrust fault brings Devonian and younger rocks trailer Most of this data has been summarized by McGuire and Kentucky and adjacent States, indicate that the dominant rock types east of the Grenville Front are granite Offset along faults may be measured in inches to thousands of feet. 0000001550 00000 n Kentucky to a terminus near Paintsville (sheet 3 of the geologic map); the southern block is displaced According to aNew York Postreport in 2017, On average, the region has witnessed a moderate quake (about a 5.0 on the Richter scale) every hundred years. Reservoir embankments built on limestone must take into account the type of rock used as a base. Solid lines indicate fault traces. 16). Many surface-fault traces are mapped on 7.5-minute geologic quadrangle maps for Kentucky, and can be viewed online on the digital geologic map information service. A map of earthquakes epicenters, however, reflects faulting at depth and shows that the earthquakes define several branches of the New Madrid seismic zone in northeastern Arkansas, southwestern Kentucky, southeastern Missouri, and northwestern Tennessee. digital geologic map information service, 310 Columbia Ave, 228 Mining and Mineral Resources Building, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0107. Harris (1970) has shown the fault to be a ramp on a bedding plane Where this occurs, minor unmapped faults may be encountered. 16). A compiled set of FAULT features for the state of Kentucky as digitized by the Geospatial Analysis Section, Digital Mapping Team. The pressures from mountain building caused the northeast edge of a block of Devonian, Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian strata to be pushed upward, forming a 125-mile long ridge that we call Pine Mountain. suggest that the Waverly arch represents the position of this migratory arch during Beekmantown (Early Seismologists say we can expect the next one any day now. Fun times! This 150 mile-long series of faults stretches under five states: Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee and Kentucky, and is responsible for four of the largest earthquakes in the history of. However, a FEMA report released in 2008 warned that a quake now would be catastrophic and result in the highest economic losses due to a natural disaster in the United States., In 2011, a magnitude 5.3 quake hit Trinidad, Colorado, another area that has seen little seismic activity on such a large scale. Other interesting features. been described by Black (1964). parts of Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky and lying between the Ozark uplift on the west and the Cincinnati Rock excavation is often required to sufficiently bury these pipelines. The quake was felt across much of the state and many neighboring states. southeasternmost Missouri, northeasternmost Arkansas, and adjacent areas of westernmost Tennessee and Keller and others, 1982, p. 220). HTML. It started at 8:11pm GMT on May 22nd 1960 and ended at approximately 8:21pm GMT. The Illinois-Kentucky fluorspar district, at the west end of the Moorman syncline, is a structurally complex River fault system largely predate Pennsylvanian deposition and are thus not readily apparent on the Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. to be a positive feature in Devonian time, but its influence on sedimentation in Kentucky waned and This is a dramatic example of an angular unconformity, where layers of underlying strata dip in a different direction than the strata above them. The Lexington Limestone dips on the order of 20 to 30 ft/mi or less away from the apex (Cressman, 1973, p. Cambrian 877.778.7827 . County geology. Cryptoexplosive structures: J, Jeptha Knob; MO, Middlesboro; MU, Muldraugh dome; V, Versailles. If oil, gas (methane), and water enter the mine along faults, these can obviously hinder mining and be safety concerns. All files associated with this page are copyrighted 1997 Across a span of millions of years, this gradual, periodic movement can result in thousands of feet of offset along a fault. Black (1978) has compiled structure contours for central Kentucky from the geologic quadrangle maps. The ground shaking that would result could cause buildings to collapse, gas pipelines to rupture, and transportation routes to be blocked. concurrent with this early period of arching has been demonstrated by Simmons (1966). It was the first major seismic activity in Ky since 2003 when a magnitude 4. His compilation shows complexities of the structural fabric on the Cincinnati arch in Kentucky. 38) reported wells penetrating brecciated Knox dolomites and cherts below coherent Silurian dolomite, This is a known . 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