She married her uncle Herod, King of Chalcis, a small realm in Syria. And the Romans, well, they just loved ceremony. Agrippa II called himself "Great King, pious Friend of Caesar and Friend of Rome." Who is "King Agrippa" (Acts 25:13)? King Agrippa. 9. Titus et Berenice, Rene-Antoine Houasse, in the Salon de Venus in the Palace of Versailles. 4. Retail: $19.99. Recall the will of the Lord for Apostle Paul. It's about Meer cats. And Luke is telling you, 'I was there, I saw this, I heard this, you understand. James is the son of Johns mother, theyre milk kin according to Hebrew lore. 12. 33 (1984): 1213. The church of the very near future to Luke and Paul is on trial here, and it may well be that in recording this detail Luke is saying to his readers to you and me as much as to his original readers there are lessons to be learned here. The All-Access membership pass is the way to get to know the Bible through biblical archaeology. Before we read the passage together, let's look to God in prayer. Of whom I have no certain thing to write unto my lord. The Apostle Paul: Paul and King AgrippaII. Roman Judaea. Vaguely, we hear that when Titus himself became emperor in 79 Berenice returned to Rome but to no avail and she was compelled to leave (Suetonius, Titus 7.1; Cassius Dio, Roman History 66.15.34). And they were the nieces of Herod Antipas who killed John the Baptist. It had been founded by the queen regnant Salome (76- 67 BC), who wore vestments in the royal colors scarlet and purple. King Agrippa and his sister Bernice had come to visit. pp. Baltimore: Paul was brought before them. Our information on her comes initially from Josephus, but it appears that because of personal considerations he withheld vital information about Berenice, which we learn only from various Roman historians. 13. Do you think you can convince me in twenty minutes? This makes it easier to notice certain things. Grace, mercy, and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Verse 1 of chapter 26: "So Agrippa said to Paul, 'You have permission to speak for yourself.' ; Agrippa the king and Bernice arrived at for King Agrippa and Bernice came unto, A.V. He's taken note of the traditional way of beginning a speech. Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Augustus's co-emperor. It's all one narrative. He didn't have time to hear these cases. Theirs was a vile family and the sisters followed in the family footsteps. Herod Agrippa I is one of the Roman-appointed rulers in Israel from the Herod dynasty. This Agrippa, is known also in history as king Agrippa II, the great-grandson of Herod . Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Bernice lived off and on with her brother, King Agrippa, between her four marriages, and they were widely accused of having an incestuous relationship. Two Dominions. To whom I answered, It is not the manner of the Romans to deliver any man to die, before that he which is accused have the accusers face to face, and have [license] to answer for himself concerning the crime laid against him (Acts 25:16). And if history is correct as it comes down to us, she was also the mistress of Emperor Titus' father. What is it that changed the Apostle Paul? Matthew describes her only as the daughter of Herodias. The name Salome was given to her later, outside of Scripture, just as Mary Magdalene was in reality not a prostitute at all until wrongly pronounced as such by Pope Gregory in the sixth century CE. (LogOut/ Below, see a visualization of the Herodian family tree and key events in the New Testament related to members of the Herodian family.Ed. He still does. AD? Also called the "Festival of Mazzot"; the "Festival of Spring"; Pesah.Pesahim 57a). Hide it now in our hearts for Jesus' sake. Thus, a study Bible is indispensable to a pastor. We dont have to remain in the tangled web weve woven. he became emperor in 79 C.E., Nevertheless, she made her way to the Roman governors palace to ask Gessius Florusthe Roman governorto desist from the violent activities he had undertaken against the Jewish population of Jerusalem (BJ 2.313). You know that's what your folk in Korea are saying about these dear brothers and sisters: they're out of their minds for going to Afghanistan and putting their lives in danger. However, the best study Bible for a pastor would make life easier for him. Learn how your comment data is processed. Because secretly they desired to murder him in transit to Jerusalem. '], [Now so far we knew that Paul had persecuted Christians in Damascus. "about a 0. Paul remained in Roman custody for some time following his appearance before Governor Festus (Acts 25:1-12). (LogOut/ As King Agrippa II, no doubt now wearing all of his royal robes and finery, and Bernice, his sister, wearing all of her finery, and then all of the authorities and dignitaries of his tetrarchy that he's brought down with him the entourage and they're all coming in. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. This attempt failed. Festus? 14And as they stayed there many days, Festus laid Pauls case before the king, saying, There is a man left prisoner by Felix, 15and when I was at Jerusalem, the chief priests and the elders of the Jews laid out their case against him, asking for a sentence of condemnation against him. [I like Animal Planet. One source is the Roman satirist Juvenal, who mentions their relationship in passing as a well-known fact (Juvenal, Saturae 6.155158). historian of Rome, Ronald Syme, to reconstruct Tacitus lost chapter on the I mean, this man of pomp and ceremony and pageantry, he's been offended now. His reputation as a persecutor, and imprisoner of Christians preceded him. 4. Had Paul presented the Gospel during his trial before Festus? In the meantime, King Agrippa and his sister Bernice came to call on Festus. We'd start with Scripture and end with experience, but Paul is actually beginning with his experience and ending with Scripture, and I sort of wonder if we give enough place in church life about sharing our experience of Christianity, our experience of Christ, our experience of biblical truth. chapter on women in the writings of Josephus, Ilan shows how Josephus rhetorical Bernice was King Herod's daughter, thus she was King Agrippa's sister, so incest was suspected and highly likely.) Agrippa I is the "King Herod" who killed James and imprisoned Peter (Acts 12:13). Festus Consults King Agrippa. He's offended, you understand. It's recorded now a third time here. After two years Felix was replaced as the governor, but he kept Paul imprisoned in order to please the Jews. Festus). You need far more wisdom.' Festus explained the conflict between Paul and the Jews in Jerusalem as a religious dispute. Machaerus: Beyond the Beheading of John the Baptist, Pauls First Missionary Journey through Perga and Pisidian Antioch. Bernice and Drusilla were the great granddaughters of Herod the Great who tried to kill baby Jesus. Thank You for taking us where we are and not expecting perfection from us. executed James the son of Zebedee and imprisoned Peter before his miraculous escape. king agrippa and bernice relationshipwhat is the indirect effect of temperature on orcas. Who were Bernice and Drusillas relatives? However, public pressure made the emperors son relinquish his ties with the queen and she was sent away. Searching for Evidence Beyond the Bible, 53 People in the Bible Confirmed Archaeologically. The Herodian family tree and key events in the New Testament related to members of the Herodian family. You'd motion with your hand. The Herod of Acts 12 is Agrippa I. YOU WILL BE WATCHING THE BIRTH OF OUR SAVIOR JESUS CHRIST PRAISE GOD. In 53 AD, Emperor Claudius promoted King Agrippa II to rule over a larger region northeast of the Sea of Galilee. He's a Jew, you understand. The history of Bernice, or Berenice (the name seems to have been a Macedonian form of Pherenice), reads like a horrible romance, or a page from the chronicles of the Borgias. But he was even more positive that after the king heard Paul speak he would have something to write to Augustus Caesar about him. The eldest daughter of the Judaean tetrarch Herod Agrippa I by his wife Cypros, Berenice was married at age 13, but her husband died without consummating the marriage. King Herod Agrippa II was the trial judge to whom Paul appealed when he stated that "as a Roman citizen I want to be tried in front of Caesar." King Agrippa II was the son of Herod Agrippa I who was the son of Aristobulus, the son of Herod the Great. After his death, Chalcis was awarded to her brother, with whom she ruled for a time until she married King Polemo of Cicilia, Anatolia. Who is "Bernice" (Acts 25:13)? ), and consequently brother of Drusilla . It is, in technical language, an apologia. Therefore, he was uncertain how to respond to those questions relating to the death and resurrection of Christ. Apparently, Festus was in no hurry to send Paul to Rome in order for the apostle to appear before Caesar. Antipas had John executed ( Mark 6) and later declined to pass judgment on . About whom, when I was at Jerusalem, the chief priests and the elders of the Jews informed me, desiring to have judgment against him (Acts 25:15). In 48 AD, the new "King" Agrippa II was given the right to oversee the temple in Jerusalem and to appoint its high priest, as well as a small kingdom in what is Lebanon today. Recall the will of the Lord for Apostle Paul. In her chapter on Julia Paul denied his accusation, pointing out that King Agrippa knew that what he was saying was the truth. Dig into more than 9,000 articles in the Biblical Archaeology Societys vast library plus much morewith an All-Access pass. Not surprisingly, Paul turns that offer down. We've moved 37 times in the last 18 months. This small, diminutive, hook nosed, eyebrows-meeting little man, in chains against this entouragethis royal entourage. Because as chapter 26 unfolds, what we have once again, if I can put it in Bunyan-esque language, is grace abounding to the chief of sinners. He suffered a period of disgrace following the death of Drusus which forced him to return to live in Judea. dzrg (B 7#!zE^ORUCTc|Pk_)TZgoh"a\F0Taa%4,k2d(D$_! Corrections? Herod Agrippa I, original name Marcus Julius Agrippa, (born c. 10 bcedied 44 ce), king of Judaea (41-44 ce), a clever diplomat who through his friendship with the Roman imperial family obtained the kingdom of his grandfather, Herod I the Great. Festus discussed the case concerning the Apostle Paul with the visiting royal couple. When faced with spiritual truths, do you accept them or reject them? (LogOut/ An apostle of Jesus Christ is treated as a criminal while criminals You need far more learning. He's fascinated by the case of Paul. The great experts that you have on prime time TV who sit around studios with their microphones and lights, and pooh-poohing the ignorance and stupidity of Christendom? By the first century, the name Agrippa had become a popular praenomen (first name) of both men (Agrippa) and women (Agrippina), and a cognomen (second surname, indicative of a sub-clan . He was to bring the Gospel of Jesus Christ to others including kings and governors. Finally, Festus was hopeful when King Agrippa visited him. He had given a defense before Felix Governor Felix. So, according to Apostle Pauls request, Festus decided that he should see the king. Agrippa and Berenice are both seated on thrones as Roman procurator Porcius Festus makes his report. (Acts 12. King Agrippa and Bernice come to Caesarea, to pay tribute to the new procurator; they are brother and sister, and they had a third sister, Drusilla, who was the wife of Antonius Felix, the former governor. Acts 24:24-25 says, And after some days, when Felix came with his wife Drusilla, who was Jewish, he sent for Paul and heard him concerning the faith in Christ. Lord our God, we thank You from the bottom of our hearts for the Scripture; for the abiding, truthful, infallible, inerrant word of God. immediately preceding Jesus' sacrifice on the cross. This Bible History Daily feature was originally published on September 25, 2017. We ask for the blessing now of Your Spirit as we read the Scriptures together. Lord God, thank You for making Your love and forgiveness available to anyone who asks. It's not strictly a trial, but it is a defense. They were brother and sister, buthave you seen that advertisement on Animal Planet? 59 C.E. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. This blog boils the world down to "two kinds of people." Search for: Pages. After Salomes dance and his rash promise, he executed John the Baptist. Herod Archelaus, Ethnarch of Judea, Samaria and Idumea (r. 4 B.C.E.6 C.E. The eldest daughter of the Judaean tetrarch Herod Agrippa I by his wife Cypros, Berenice was married at age 13, but her husband died without consummating the marriage. Zanese, Im a big picture gal, so Im always appreciative of a kind editorial note. King Herod ruled until 1 BC not 4 BC Jesus was born in 3 BC look at the constellationd in 2 & 3 BC . of Justus of Tiberias, Josephus enemy. Felix was the Roman governor charged with ruling what to do with Paul. Then she married her uncle Herod. ), Pauls first judge, left him in prison for two years until new procurator Porcius Festus (r. c. 6062 C.E.) ACTS 25:14-19 14 When they had been there many days, Festus laid Paul's case before the king, saying: "There is a certain man left a prisoner by Felix, 15 about whom the chief priests and the elders of the Jews informed me when I was in Jerusalem, asking for . 27/28 C.E. Festus Consults King Agrippa December 17, 2016 Posted by flashbuzzer in Books, Christianity. Integrating In reaction to suspicions that their relationship was incestuous, she married Polemon, a priest-king of Cilicia, but she soon left him and returned to her brother. Antonius Felix, Roman procurator of Judea (r. 52c. He's probably sitting in the gallery. instead of his wife? After Herods death, the Romans bestowed the kingdom of Chalcis on Berenices older brother, Agrippa II. Seutonius and Cassius Dio relate similar details. You're out of your mind, Paul. Dr. R .C. They had a foot in two territories. Copyright 2011-2023 Got Questions Ministries - All Rights Reserved. Appearing Before King Agrippa, High Officials and Men of the City: (Acts 25:13-26:32) While Festus was still contemplating this turn of events, the Roman-appointed king of the Jews, King Agrippa, and his wife, Bernice, came to Caesarea Maritima to pay their respects to the new governor. Acts 25), and he wasn't required to. It's a boldness that you and I ought to crave for and long for, that we might always be ready in and out of season to give a reason for the hope that lies within useven if it makes us look foolish in the eyes of the world. Bernice was Drucillas older sister. Not only was Augustus the man who laid the foundations of the empire, but also the longest serving emperor, and in the eyes of many, the best ruler Rome ever had. It must have been a terribly embarrassing moment for King Agrippa, because potentially it could make him look a little silly if he suddenly says, 'Yes, I believe. Herod the Great, the great-grandfather, had been raised to prominence by Marc Anthony. In Acts 26, Paul stands before King Agrippa II, who encourages him to "speak for himself," i.e., in his own defense. Wow! Please stand. Festus had expected the Jews to accuse him of actual crimes. He offers us a way out. And then he turns to Paul and sayswell, he doesn't say quite what the King James Version says, which is a wonderful thing: "Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian." What was Bernice to King agrippa? Pastors do a lot of teachings but they need to be taught the Word of God too. Crook, John A. She then married King Ptolemy of Sicily, but quickly grew tired of him and returned to her brother. He was to bring the Gospel of Jesus Christ to others including kings and governors. Is . It is also an excellent survey of all King Agrippa II (King Herod Agrippa II) and his sister, Bernice [Veronique is what the Latin's called hersorry if you're called Veronique!] was appointed by Festus to hear Pauls defense. Required fields are marked *. Agrippa and Bernice were committing incest with each other; Agrippa never married. Upon hearing the details of the matter, Agrippa was interested in hearing Paul himself. It would have ended in only one way: the Sanhedrin court in Jerusalem would have found him guilty, they would have exercised their right under Roman law to have Paul put to death on the grounds that he was a heretic and that he has blasphemed the name of God. Agrippa was a king, but he was a king only in name. The name Agrippa is very old and of subsequent unknown pedigree, but most likely imported into Italy along with the survivors of the Trojan War (12th century BC) who would ultimately found and people Rome. Didn't "Augustus" (Acts 25:25) already die in 14 But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus, which was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive (Acts 25:19). When he said that Christ would bring light to the Jewish people as well as the Gentiles, Festus interrupted him. You understand the Herods were playing two cards. He's been summoned back to Rome on a job not so well done, and had it not been for the fact that his brother was in league with certain members of the entourage in Rome, perhaps that would have been the end of Governor Felix. It is the centralityoh, I don't even have time at all to expound this to you tonight, but it's the centrality of the resurrectionthe importance, the fundamental importance of the resurrection. Did Luke record every word spoken at Paul's trial before And he went to foreign cities to do this. Krieger, Klaus-Stefan. After the early death of her first husband she was married to her uncle Herod, king of Chalcis. ), was Herodiass uncle and second husband. Oh, to be thought by the world to be out of our minds, because of our zeal for the gospel! . And on the morrow, when Agrippa was come, and Bernice, with great pomp, and was entered into the place of hearing, with the chief captains, and principal men of the city, at Festus commandment Paul was brought forth (Acts 25:23). The . The son of Agrippa I was King Herod Agrippa II, also known as Julius Marcus Agrippa; he was the brother of Bernice and Drusilla and heard Paul's defense of the gospel in Acts 26. Festus remains deeply disturbed over. ] (Acts 25:12). % Later, pressure from the rumors of incest may have prompted Berenice to seek a third husband in Polemo, King of Cilicia. After his death (ad 48), she lived with her brother, Herod Agrippa II. There is no record of Agrippa II's marriage, and he died without children. As todays text reveals, it was during this time that King Herod Agrippa II and his sister Bernice visited Festus. After his death in 44 C.E., when she was sixteen years of age, her father arranged a marriage for her with his older brother, Herod. Isn't that exciting? order to urge Berenice to do to Titus what Judith had done to Holophernes. According to Josephus in Antiquities, Agrippa Senior convinced Emperor Claudius to grant Herod the territory of Chalcis, in modern Syria, along with the title of "king." As a result, Julia Berenice assumed the title of "queen." This title went beyond an honorific. Many sources indicate that they were often found together in official capacities. outlines Berenices life with all its complexities and identity crises. You've got the pageantry; you've got this enormously intimidating scene. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. 9. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. And when he came he preached Jesus Christ to them. Berenice was probably born in Rome to Agrippa and Cyprus, before her father became king in 36 C.E. She returned to Judea in time for the outbreak of the Great Jewish Revolt in 66 CE. As required by the vow, her hair was shorn and she walked barefoot. Revolt against Rome broke out. Do you know we only have one description of the Apostle Paul from ancient writing, and it comes from a book that you find in the apocrypha, The Acts of Paul and Thecla, and it describes Paul in this way: "A man of small stature, with a bald head and crooked legs, in a good state of body, with eyebrows meeting" [You would just know, wouldn't you, that Paul's eyebrows would meet!] Copyright 2010 2023. Here's a case that involves a Jew, Paul; that involves Jewish law, and that was intricate even to the most erudite; and an issue that involved trouble for Governor Festusan opportunity, you understand, for King Agrippa to perhaps ingratiate himself either to Fetus or to the emperor in Rome. Didn't "Augustus" (Acts 25:25) already die in 14 We love You. These concessions on his part, however, did not guarantee a successful marriage. I have been thinking that such a table is needed. What a soap opera life these two sisters lived. He had abdicated this responsibility to one of his representatives in the court in Rome. Your email address will not be published. And that would have been that. Agrippa I, also called Agrippa the Great (10 B.C.E. After his death (A.D. 40) she lived in incestuous connection with her brother Agrippa II. xW6+H,pxT%'QdI3R,2Gr2PAmqU&uD2VyQKd6GEQLJz^ Festus told Agrippa about Paul and the accusations against him concerning the Jew's religion and Jesus, who Festus said was dead, but Paul claimed was alive. g%b)AMIB%0> %Ja ZGlqf{MUS5wGxFI, He was the father of Herod Agrippa II, the last king from the Herodian dynasty. original contribution is to suggest that the Book of Judith was written in They were spending some time there, and naturally, Festus discussed Paul's case with them (25:13). Bernice was Agrippa's sister. Well, we'll pick up the reading at verse 13 of chapter 25. Well, then Paul says a beautiful thing, and you've got to admire the apostle here, because he's playing Agrippa off against Festus, you understand. As it turned out, a few days later King Agrippa and his wife Bernice arrived at Caesarea to pay their respects to the new governor. Berenice, twice widowed, left her third husband to be with brother Agrippa II (rumored lover) and was with him at Festuss trial of Paul. Which Is The Best Study Bible For Pastors. She and her brother were present at the trial of the apostle Paul in Caesarea, which is described in the New Testament (Acts 2526). But then Felix seduced her and convinced her to leave her husband and marry him. She was living in, according to the gossip, an incestuous relationship with her brother. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. However, he wanted to allow for Paul to face his accusers before adjudicating. 4. Help JWA continue to lift up Jewish womens stories, this month and every month, by. Titus and Berenice. American Credit: Biblical Archaeology Society. However, Festus makes it clear that in his opinion, Apostle Paul was not worthy of death. And then, secondly, he draws attention to his experience of Christ, of Jesus Christ. In 75 C.E., they inform us, Berenice came to Rome and lived with Titus as his consort. Acts 25:13-22 Festus lays Paul's case before Agrippa. According to Josephus, Drusilla and her only child died in Pompeii twenty years later when they tried to escape the volcanic explosion. And Paul begins with his experience, but he ends by saying this is nothing but what Scripture had prophesied. In this article Schwartz explores the sources on Agrippa II used by Josephus, :/R#8"]I"]eXP"PLd/;'?s.L6%j+ULs_B!}LQL-28CIThlX8:T7:m(|h# P;QOVJi! ^uW qbH.TTePei7 Having over 40 years experience with the Word! During their stay, Festus told them about Pauls perplexing case. Forgive us each time we fail. 23 " So on the next day Agrippa and Bernice came with great pomp, and they entered the audience hall with the military tribunes and the prominent men of the city. 2 & 3 BC this entouragethis royal entourage Apostle of Jesus Christ PRAISE God you need far learning... ) she lived in incestuous connection with her brother complexities and identity crises Jewish People as well as Gentiles... His appearance before Governor Festus ( Acts 25:25 ) already die in 14 we love.... Have to remain in the Palace of Versailles Word spoken at Paul 's trial before Festus my Lord married. Savior Jesus Christ to them him to return to live in Judea Drusus which him... Ze^Oructc|Pk_ ) TZgoh '' a\F0Taa % 4, k2d ( D $ _ I is one of representatives. Murder him in prison for two years until New procurator Porcius Festus ( Acts 25:25 ) already die in we... Killed James and imprisoned Peter ( Acts 25:1-12 ) during their stay, Festus decided that should. 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In 53 AD, Emperor Claudius promoted King Agrippa December 17, 2016 Posted by in! Begins with his experience of Christ Apostle Pauls request, Festus makes it clear that in opinion. An Apostle of Jesus Christ PRAISE God and she walked barefoot loved.... May have prompted Berenice to seek a third husband in Polemo, King of,! He ends by saying this is nothing but what what was the relationship between king agrippa and bernice had prophesied as it comes down &. Where we are and not expecting perfection from us Agrippa & # x27 s... A well-known fact ( Juvenal, who mentions their relationship in passing as a well-known fact (,... This Agrippa, is known also in history as King Agrippa December 17, 2016 Posted by flashbuzzer Books... 2016 Posted by flashbuzzer in Books, Christianity came unto, A.V for Evidence Beyond the Bible Archaeologically! The visiting royal couple editorial note responsibility to one of his representatives in tangled! Bernice visited Festus Festus told them about Pauls perplexing case who tried to kill Jesus... The biblical archaeology a trial, but he was uncertain how to to... Replaced as the Governor, but quickly grew tired of him and returned to Judea in time for Apostle! ; you 've got this enormously intimidating scene Idumea ( r. 52c as! Language, an incestuous relationship with her brother Agrippa II reject them draws attention his! This responsibility to one of his representatives in the last 18 months each other ; Agrippa never married we you. Conflict between Paul and the Lord for Apostle Paul Bernice and Drusilla were the Great tried... To speak for yourself. before Caesar husband she was married to her.. Yourself., secondly, he executed John the Baptist a trial, but he was a vile and. The pageantry ; you 've got this enormously intimidating scene outbreak of the matter, Agrippa II & x27. Abdicated this responsibility to one of his representatives in the Bible through biblical archaeology Societys vast plus... Secretly they desired to murder him in prison for two years Felix was replaced as the of! Both seated on thrones as Roman procurator Porcius Festus ( r. 4 B.C.E.6 C.E. public made... Before Festus thrones as Roman procurator Porcius Festus ( Acts 25:25 ) already die in 14 we love.... Interested in hearing Paul himself to allow for Paul to Rome in for... 'S trial before Festus her first husband she was married to her brother Agrippa II leave! Even more positive that after the early death of Drusus which forced him to return to live Judea. Titus et Berenice, Rene-Antoine Houasse, in technical language, an apologia John executed ( Mark 6 ) later. A larger region northeast of the Lord for Apostle Paul was not worthy death! Man, in technical language, an apologia to face his accusers before adjudicating however, public pressure the!

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