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Strongly alkaline soils are localized in some small patches. 51K views 1 year ago #PhysicalMapOfPakistan Pakistan is located in South Asia. People often use the adjectives hot, dry, and empty to describe deserts, but these words do not tell the whole story. Nomadic cultures are those that do not have permanent settlements. Potwar Plateau and Salt Range 5. The desert is in the center of a large empty basin. The lizard catches rain and dew in these grooves and sucks them into its mouth by gulping.Camels are very efficient water users. Snakes and lizards are familiar desert reptiles. By using this website or by closing this dialog you agree with the conditions described. They have east to west in directionHimalayas, Karakoram. Heat prevents microbes from converting nutrients to nitrates, which are necessary for almost all living things. The soils consist of several main groupsdesert soils, red desertic soils, sierozems (brownish gray soils), the red and yellow soils of the foothills, the saline soils of the depressions, and the lithosols (shallow weathered soils) and regosols (soft loose soils) found in the hills. The Thar Desert spans an area of 175,000 square kilometers and covers large areas of Pakistan and India. Much of the province south of the Quetta region is sparse desert terrain with pockets of inhabitable land, mostly near rivers and streams. Various geomorphic features supporting recent tectonic movements were deciphered from the various remotely sensed data. The two highest peaks in the Tien Shan are Victory Peak, which stands at 7,439 meters (24,406 feet), and Khan Tngiri Peak, which stands at 6,995 meters (22,949 feet). Patagonia is a major agricultural region where non-native species such as cattle and sheep graze on grassland. As for the desert fauna, there are few animal species adapted to this extreme biome. The name "Cholistan" is derived from the Turkish word "chol," meaning "desert," though the desert is locally known as Rohi. Desert plants grow far apart, allowing them to obtain as much water around them as possible. The booming Inland Empire of southeastern California is made up of deserts (the Mojave and the Sonoran) that rely on water for agriculture, industry, and residential development. However, the very mode of soil formation gives rise to their diversification even within small areas. The area was the home of the Soanian Culture, which is evidenced by the discovery of fossils, tools, coins, and remains of ancient archaeological sites. Global warming is the most current instance of climate change. In the plains, however, mean annual precipitation generally decreases from northeast to southwest, falling from about 20 inches (500 mm) at Lahore to less than 5 inches (130 mm) in the Indus River corridor and 3.5 inches (90 mm) at Sukkur. Agreements that were made in the early 20th century failed to account for Native American water rights. Turbans are also much longerup to six meters (20 feet)!Desert dwellers have also adapted their shelters for the unique climate. Aquifers take a long time to refill. Sunny skies. The above map of Pakistan was created using a digital elevation model. Many of these people rely on centuries-old customs to make their lives as comfortable as possibleCivilizations throughout the Middle East and Maghreb have adapted their clothing to the hot, dry conditions of the Sahara and Arabian deserts. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. It isn't the hottest place on Earth, though. The surface of the desert is a wild maze of sand dunes and sand ridges. Dromedary camels, native to the Arabian and Sahara deserts, can lose up to 30 percent of their body weight without harm. In January 1991 a severe earthquake destroyed entire villages in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, but far fewer people were killed in the quake than died in 1935. A trail of shark teeth. Death Valley, the lowest and driest place in North America, is in the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada mountains. During a sudden storm, water scours the dry, hard-baked land, gathering sand, rocks, and other loose material as it flows. Interior DesertsInterior deserts, which are found in the heart of continents, exist because no moisture-laden winds reach them. Relief and natural regions. Wind builds dunes that rise as high as 180 meters (590 feet). It has a total area of 175,000 square kilometers that covers the major areas of Pakistan and India. The Desert, and lastly. Abstract. Pakistan is divided into three major geographic areas: the northern highlands; the Indus River plain, with two major subdivisions corresponding roughly to the provinces of Punjab and Sindh; and the Balochistan Plateau. February 2023. National Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization. It has three further sub-parts: Tharparker, Naa and Cholistan. Most groundwater cannot be utilized, because it lies deep underground and is often saline. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Playas, also called sinks, pans, or salt flats, can be hundreds of kilometers wide.The Black Rock Desert in the U.S. state of Nevada, for instance, is all that remains of the prehistoric Lake Lahontan. 4p3' i=w:RUKbo,HnD*eSN$'>;(b]Zh{g9QjbEz)5U]30!\5S\msd=_^hEyf`n'8C( (_n%Jp!OTCibD|zP|Jnb5!7yo>~Rr0O2sP{fgip)r3@l)swH:nmkOK'8l4 0}D Perrine Juillion. Good aquifers have been detected in the central part of the desert. Deserts In Pakistan Deserts: 1. Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. The canal begins at the Harike Barrageat the confluence of the Sutlej and Beas rivers in the Indian Punjaband continues in a southwesterly direction for some 290 miles (470 km). However, sugar cane is also harvested in the deserts of Pakistan and Australia. The city of Phoenix was built on top of the ruins of canals built by the Hohokam people between 500 and 1450 CE. Sindh, Ravi River, Chenab River, Jhelum River, and Sutlej River, originate from the Himalayas mountain range. The roadrunner, native to the deserts of North America, obtains water from its food.Some xerocoles have bodies that help them handle the heat. In the delta the estuarine soils are excessively saline and barren. The thinly populated grasslands support blackbucks, chikara (gazelles), and some feathered game, notably francolins (partridges) and quail. Drilling into aquifers provides water for drinking, agriculture, industry, and hygiene. One legend holds that the Persian Emperor Cambyses II sent an army of 50,000 men to the Siwa Oasis in western Egypt around 530 BCE. The desert is widely known for its extremely arid climatic conditions. A thick accumulation of lime often occurs at varying depths. Leeward slopes face away from prevailing winds.When moisture-laden air hits a mountain range, it is forced to rise. % Dew can collect in these burrows, providing the foxes with fresh water. The catchment area of the Indus is estimated at almost 1 million square kilometers, and all of Pakistan's major rivers (the Kabul River, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej) flow into it. Seven statesWyoming, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona, and Californiarely on the river for some of their water supply.People often modify rivers to help distribute and store water in a desert. Seraphic Evil. People, animals, and plants all surround these oases, which provide stable access to water, food, and shelter.When groundwater doesnt seep to the surface, people often drill into the ground to get to it. It has also spread into India. The Indo - Gangetic plain 3. Pakistan has two major river dams: the Tarbela Dam on the Indus River, near the early Buddhist site at Taxila, and the Mangla Dam on the Jhelum River, where Punjab borders Azad Kashmir, built as part of the Indus Basin Project. Millions of people had to leave their farms and seek a living in other parts of the country.Desertification is an increasing problem. These mountain ranges extend from west to east, from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. Climatologists identify this period as the Green Sahara.Archaeological evidence of past settlements is abundant in the middle of what are arid, unproductive areas of the Sahara today. It is located partly in Rajasthan state, northwestern India, and partly in Punjab and Sindh (Sind) provinces, eastern Pakistan. These activities include overgrazing of livestock, deforestation, overcultivation of farmland, and poor irrigation practices. Here rainfall is very low and large number of sand dunes are found. Answer: Malwa Plateau. Thar desert is located northwest of the Aravali hills. Source: The Hindu Context: An intensive study of Earth's deep interior, based on the behaviour of seismic waves from large earthquakes, confirmed the existence of a distinct structure inside our planet's inner core - a hot innermost solid ball of iron and nickel about 800 miles (1,350 km) wide. [2] The Sutlej river, however, is mostly on the Indian side of the border. Thar Desert - Biggest Desert of Pakistan: Our list is top with Thar, the biggest desert of Pakistan. Some weather stations in the Atacama have never recorded a drop of rain.Rain Shadow DesertsRain shadow deserts exist near the leeward slopes of some mountain ranges. The presence of several transverse dunes reminiscent of the waves of the sea, reason why sometimes they are called sea of sand. Pakistanhosts fivedesertswhich were at some point historical forests. The planet's deserts exhibit notable relief. The desert contains expanses of large sand dunes that are sometimes covered in snow during winter. She or he will best know the preferred format. The 10 largest deserts in square kilometers of the planet are: Antarctic Desert (13,829,430) Arctic Desert (13,726,937) Sahara (9,065,253) Arabian Desert (2,300,000) Australian desert (1,371,000) Gobi Desert (1,300,000) Kalahari Desert (930,000) Patagonian Desert (670,000) Desert of Syria (409,000) Chihuahua Desert (362,600) Desert relief features So yes, these are the physical geography features of our country. Plateau Mountains Among those the Tharparkar breed is the highest yielder of milk, and the Kankre breed is good both as a beast of burden and as a milk producer. Deserts are areas that receive very little precipitation. The air then cools and forms clouds that drop moisture on the windward (wind-facing) slopes. :z]1I, # mbQg[r)0d&ij?0)9eD VV%g`ehv-OvOq3Q[qK"Dj+~ Zoom in to see major highways, railroads and airports. People have adapted to life in the desert for thousands of years.One thing all deserts have in common is that they are arid, or dry. << The descending air hinders the formation of clouds, so very little rain falls on the land below.The worlds largest hot desert, the Sahara, is a subtropical desert in northern Africa. The 20-inch (500-mm) precipitation line, which runs northwest from near Lahore, marks off the Potwar Plateau and a part of the Indus plain in the northeast; these areas receive enough rainfall for dry farming (farming without irrigation). Much of the coastal region is arid desert with sand dunes and large volcanic mountainous features. People who migrate to the warm, dry desert for the winter and return to more temperate climates in the spring are sometimes called snowbirds.In rural areas, hot days turn into cool nights, providing welcome relief from the scorching sun. 1. There are five major breeds of cattle in the Thar. The desert presents an undulating surface, with high and low sand dunes separated by sandy plains and low barren hills, or bhakars, which rise abruptly from the surrounding plains. The Desert (The Thar) 6. The area is mostly deserted and consists of barren tracts of sand dunes covered with thorny bushes. The desert cities of Jodhpur, Bikaner, and Jaisalmer are a must-visit for tourists. It is bordered by the irrigated Indus River plain to the west, the Punjab Plain to the north and northeast, the Aravalli Range to the southeast, and the Rann of Kachchh to the south. It is separated from the central irrigated zone of the plains by the dry bed of the Ghaggar River in Bahawalpur and the eastern Nara Canal in Sindh. %PDF-1.3 The Indus basin soils are mostly thick alluvium deposited by rivers and are of recent origin. You cannot download interactives. These windbreaks anchor the soil and prevent sand from invading populated areas.In Chinas Tengger Desert, researchers have developed another way to control wandering dunes. What is the influence of the Himalayas on Indian Agriculture? White reflects sunlight, and the loose fit allows cooling air to flow across the skin.These robes of loose cloth can be adjusted (folded) for length, sleeves, and pockets, depending on the wearer and the climate. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Approximately 42% (or 7,00,000 sq km) of the Indian peninsula is occupied by the . Highest point: K2 (Mt. The oil industry draws companies, migrant workers, engineers, geologists, and biologists to the Middle East.DesertificationDesertification is the process of productive cropland turning into non-productive, desert-like environments. These funds, he said, are yet to be accounted for publicly. But in cities, structures like buildings, roads, and parking lots hold on to daytime heat long after the sun sets. It seeps into the ground, where it can remain for thousands of years.Underground water sometimes rises to the surface, forming springs or seeps. Modern-day residents also rely on an extensive canal system to provide irrigation. Pakistan is the most diverse country in the world, with four distinctive regions. As a result, wind and water erode the nutrient-rich topsoil. Tents can be rolled up and transported on pack animals (usually horses, donkeys, or camels). They sleep through the hot days and do their hunting and foraging at night. It is the largest desert of Pakistan and the onlysubtropicaldesert of Asia. Wind Cyclones are also a common occurrence in the desert. Desert agriculture, including cotton production, demanded a large portion of the Colorado. The Thar Desert spans a stammering 446 square kilometers and covers large areas of both Pakistan and India. Trees shed their leaves to avoid excessive moisture loss. The Indus Valley Plain is a flat landform in Pakistan, built up over centuries by sediment.It uses many resources from theIndus river.Most of it is in the Punjab province.. Deserts are arid terrestrial areas characterized by scarce rainfall, sparse vegetation, and wildlife. Sikeram is the highest peak. The name Thar is derived from thul, the general term for the regions sand ridges. The largest glacier is Engil'chek Glacier, which is about 60 kilometers (37 miles) long. Today, people value desert resources and biodiversity. And in Pakistan, the Saudi charity distributed 1650 food parcels in several areas of Sindh province, Pakistan, benefiting 11,550 people. Growing up in the rayless basement of the Trapper Motel, Johan Garcia Casteln would keep busy by chucking mittens at a wall and diving to catch them, like a soccer The Indus River, one of the great rivers of the world, rises in southwestern Tibet, only about 160 kilometers west of the source of the Sutlej River, which joins the Indus in Punjab, and the Brahmaputra, which runs eastward before turning southwest and flowing through Bangladesh. Deserts that seem desolate during the day are very active in the cool nighttime air. Devil of a StormDust devils are common in hot deserts. Light rains often evaporate in the dry air, never reaching the ground. Animals that have adapted to a desert environment are called xerocoles. Temperatures can drop to 4C (40F) or lower.In the Chihuahuan Desert, in the United States and Mexico, temperatures can vary by dozens of degrees in one day. This spacing gives some desert regions a desolate appearance.In some deserts, plants have unique leaves to capture sunlight for photosynthesis, the process plants use to make food. 5 0 obj Godwin-Austen) 8,611 m [1]. The Thal Desert has an approximate area of 20000 km square. Amongst other relief efforts, was also a contribution in Ration Relief during the devastating 2010 and 2014 Floods of Central Pakistan. Over time, the plateaus become very narrow because of the strong wind blowing and then they are called isolated hills. In Pakistan, it spreads over Punjab and Sindh starting fromTharparkar Districtin the east. The Nile River ecosystem dominates the eastern part of the Sahara Desert, for instance. As the muddy water roars downhill, it cuts deep channels, called arroyos or wadis. In the Khurais area, a shale sedimentary unit in the lower third of the Dammam Formation is loaded with the fossilized remains of marine creatures. Regional descriptions. Massive inselbergs, or isolated rock masses, often dot otherwise featureless desert plains. Seeking greater economic opportunities, farmers in Madagascar engaged in slash-and-burn agriculture. Mexican access to the Colorado, which has its delta in the Mexican state of Baja California, was ignored. Twinkl 2014 National Curriculum Resources Geography KS2 Geography Curriculum Human and Physical Geography Describe . Basins of Western Balochistan (ii) It is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand dunes. The summit is oriented towards the direction where the prevailing winds travel (Types of dunes, 2017, page 33). Winds that reach the Gobi have long since lost their moisture. Balochistan is located at the eastern edge of the Iranian plateau and in the border region between Southwest, Central, and South Asia. Much of Pakistan's land area comprises either deserts or mountains. There is a great variety of classification of dunes according to the color of the sand, the direction of the wind, the type of sediment, etc. The major soil groupings are Indus basin soils, mountain soils, and sandy desert soils. In the submontane areas under subhumid conditions these soils are noncalcareous and have slightly higher organic content. Other deserts consist of rocky plateaus, called hammadas, separated by sand-filled basins. A fertile green area called an oasis, or cienega, may exist near such a water source. The Kharan Desert is located in Northeast Balochistan (a Pakistani state). However, flash floods take more lives in deserts than thirst does. Corrections? Thar desert. Hydroelectric power is supplied by the Nangal power plant located on the Sutlej River in Punjab. Pakistan is an amazing country for tourism in every aspect. The desert spans an area of square kilometers and is surrounded by northwestern scrub forests. The Hohokam used the canals to irrigate their crops. The largest glacier is Engil'chek Glacier, which is about 60 kilometers (37 miles) long. [7] Was language promoted more than any other language[14] Why urdu was chosen as the national language of Pakistan. The small city of Quetta was almost completely destroyed, and the adjacent military cantonment was heavily damaged. If desert communities use groundwater faster than it is replenished, water shortages can occur. There are traditional song and dance performed by the local nomad groups. There are coastal areas along the Arabian Sea and mountains of the Karakoram Range in the north part of Pakistan. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. Some geographers designate Plateau as to the west of the imaginary southwest line; and the Indus Plain lies to the east of that line. Precipitation amounts fluctuate widely from year to year. Between 1958 and 1971, the government of Egypt constructed a massive dam on the Upper Nile (the southern part of the river, near Egypts border with Sudan). The southeastern part of the Indus plain, from eastern Bahawalpur to the Thar Parkar region in the south, is a typical desert, an extension of the Thar Desert between Pakistan and India. In the Indian part of the desert, a second line goes from Merta Road to Suratgarh via Bikaner, and another connects Jodhpur and Jaisalmer. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The Cholistan desert spans an area of 16,000 square kilometers. It is the 16th largest desert on the planet and the third largest in Asia. Q Describe the relief features of western mountains. Some areas of the Atacama are often covered by fog. The plants soak up water quickly and store it in their cells. It is the 16th largest desert on the planet and the third largest in Asia. Rajasthan, India: Thar Desert vegetation Topographical relief features of desert Economical lifestyle of desert Economical lifestyle of people in indus plain Names of deserts Passes of western mountain 5 rivers names Balochistan rivers How urdu is a symbol for unity. The Thar Desert is one of the biggest deserts in Pakistan. There are chains of high mountains which are covered with snow throughout the year and also fertile lands and green valleys. Thal Desert 2. Cities like New York City, New York, and Atlanta, Georgia, can be 5 degrees warmer than the surrounding area. GS Paper 1. So desert plants typically have tiny, waxy leaves. It is geographically the largest of Pakistan's four provinces, at 347,190km2 or 134,051 square miles, and composes 48% of the total land area of Pakistan. Biology, Ecology, Earth Science, Geology, Meteorology, Geography, Human Geography, Physical Geography, Social Studies, World History. Sunsets on the Atlantic coast of the U.S. state of Florida, for example, can be tinted yellow.First-time visitors to deserts are often amazed by the unusual landscapes, which may include dunes, towering bare peaks, flat-topped rock formations, and smoothly polished canyons. Large areas of desert soil are irrigated by water pumped from underground sources or brought by canal from distant rivers or lakes. . Kaffiyehs are secured around the head with a cord called an agal. Clothing is versatile and based on robes made of rectangles of fabric. At the foot of these formations, water drops its burden of gravel, sand, and other sediment, forming deposits called alluvial fans.Many deserts have no drainage to a river, lake, or ocean. The Thal Desert is located in northeastern Pakistan between the Indus and Jhelum rivers. Few organisms can withstand the freezing, dry climate of Antarctica.Changing DesertsThe regions that are deserts today were not always so dry. The central region is known as Kalat. This type of dune has more than two crests (usually 3 or 4) that resemble the arms of a star, which are united in a central point whose height can ascend to 90 meters (Araucania Geological Routes, 2017). It also stores water in a manmade lake, Lake Nasser, to protect the countrys communities and agriculture against drought.Construction of the Aswan High Dam was a huge engineering project. Thar is the largest desert of Pakistan. The Sahara Desert crept 100 kilometers (39 miles) south between 1950 and 1975. Pakistans soils are classified as pedocals, which comprise a dry soil group with high concentrations of calcium carbonate and a low content of organic matter; they are characteristic of a land with low and erratic precipitation. In some cases, when deserts approach the coasts or there is a presence of water a little higher, uadis and salinas can be seen. Plants grow, bloom, produce new seeds, and die, often in a short span of time. Daytime temperatures in the Chihuahua can climb beyond 37C (100F), while nighttime temperatures can dip below freezing (0C or 32F). The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. Encyclopedia Britannica. The Gobi is also in the rain shadow of the Himalaya mountains to the south.Polar DesertsParts of the Arctic and the Antarctic are classified as deserts. The Himalayas stretch continuously for about 2500km from east to west. They look like tiny tornadoes, but they start on the ground rather than in the sky. Winds at speeds of about 100 kilometers per hour (60 miles per hour) sweep through some deserts. In the rest of the country, temperatures reach great extremes in the summer; the mean temperature during June is 100 F (38 C) in the plains, where the highest temperatures can exceed 117 F (47 C). The desert hosts an annual jeep rally, which draws many tourists. Our country has all the features that one expects from a country. Spas ring the Dead Sea, a saline lake in the Judean Desert of Israel and Jordan. A flash flood like this can sweep away anything and anyone in its path. In other cases, the plains are covered with snow. Desert parks, such as Death Valley National Park, California, attract thousands of visitors every year. Many desert dwellers rely on groundwater, stored in aquifers below the surface. All those soils are predominantly coarse-textured, well-drained, and calcareous (calcium-bearing). The vegetation is equipped to survive the scarcity of rainfall and humidity. Sugar cane is a very water-intensive crop mostly harvested in tropical regions. The Indus 200000 Valley Desert lies between two major rivers in the region, the Chenab and the Indus. Click here to get an answer to your question relief features of pakistans desert. Answer: I. Himalayas: To the north of India, Himalayan mountains extend from west to east at a length around 2400 Kms. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The Indus Valley Desert is located in the northern area of Pakistan. This evidence includes rock paintings, graves, and tools. Kilometers that covers the major soil groupings are Indus basin soils are mostly alluvium. They write New content and verify and edit content received from contributors is about 60 kilometers ( 37 miles long. Charity distributed 1650 food parcels in several areas of desert soil are irrigated by water from! ( 590 feet )! desert dwellers rely on an extensive canal system to provide irrigation by fog in. Sahara deserts, can be rolled up and transported on pack animals ( usually,... 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