Along a similar line, Ceccelani (2013) argued that the stadium was conceived not only as a pure city gift to Juventus, but a gift financed through Turin’s ‘bankruptcy’. If you’re heading to the ground on a non-match day then have a look at the bus routes. Was the Italian extra-urban institutional structure favourable to the formation and effectiveness of the Turin regime? 2014. Fiat accompanied you from birth to the tomb. The Governance of French Towns: From the Centre-Periphery Scheme to Urban Regimes. One important element of urban regimes is their continuity over time. 32In this environment, since the mid-1980s, a group of intellectuals belonging to the reformist left, developed a collective reflection about the nature of the urban crisis and carved a model to modernise urban policy and the local economy (Belligni and Ravazzi 2013). The Diamond in the Bronx: Yankee Stadium and the Politics of New York. In March 1997, much earlier than Castellani’s initiation of the 1998-2000 campaign to draft a strategic plan for Turin, city council’s resolution 152 approved a reorganisation plan of Stadio delle Alpi. The group was led by Valentino Castellani, Professor of Physics at. The second is much more complex, requiring also the opinion of the Region. D'Angelo M. 2014. Andrea Agnelli inaugura lo Juventus Stadium nel 2011, e da quel momento in poi la società ha compiuto salti in avanti a livello finanziario, incredibili, tali da portarla a ridosso dei top club europei, grazie anche ai risultati sportivi. Nevertheless, it is still a significant element to consider in Turin’s urban politics. The cost of the service changes according to the tariff plan signed with your telecom provider and does not include any additional cost. 1993. The cost of the service changes according to the tariff plan signed with your telecom provider and does not include any additional cost. Such deficits imply that at least some portions of the local policy agenda may encounter social opposition at the project implementation stage. They brought huge financial resources to the city, contributing decisively to the first axis of Turin’s strategic plan - infrastructure. Four facts have guided this aim. In 1995, Turin’s new masterplan (Piano Regolatore Generale) provided a basis, supporting the diversification and re-orientation of the city’s economy, less dependent on FIAT. Maggi and Piperno (1999) have pointed out that this favours the process of privatisation and the formation of powerful local affairs governance coalitions, although they feared this is not helped by the de-professionalization of politics - i.e. Allianz Stadium, previously known as Juventus Stadium, replaced Juventus’ old Stadio Delle Alpi, which had only been the home of the club since 1990. This website uses cookies and, in some cases, third-party cookies for marketing purposes and to provide services in line with your preferences. Urban Regime Theory (URT) has dominated American urban political theory, since Clarence Stone’s seminal work on Atlanta. FIAT controlled local politics essentially by ‘dictating’ its terms to the local authority. Until 2006, as Stadio Communale was being renovated into Stadio Olimpico to host the 2006 Winter Olympics, the delle Alpi. 27To understand the urban politics around Juventus’ new football stadium in the city of Turin requires tracing first the city’s local political dynamics within the prevailing extra-urban institutional structure. Professors Pierro Belletti and Stefania Ravazzi of Turin University, Dr. Francesco Pastorelli Director of ICPA, Dr. Maurizio Maggi of Comune di Roma, Dr. Stefano Piperno of Istituto Ricerche Economico Sociali (IRES) Piemonte, Dr. Enzo Falco of Italian National Institute of (INU), Dr. Lorenzo Matteoli former Turin City official, Mr. Marco Crosetto and Mr. Giacomo Leonardi City of Turin officials, Mr. Guido Inzaghi and Mr. Eugenio Pizzaghi of the international law firm DlaPiper as well as Mr. Maurizio D'Angelo, provided valuable material. +39 02 2630 3238, //Page_Navigation_View::get('bottom'); ?>. 2010. Another angle. Why Italian planning is worth studying, Italian Journal of Planning Practice 1(1): 4-32. The Juventus Stadium was opened six years ago today and the statistics show the huge boost it made to their club coffers. 37Beyond its position as capital of the Province and Region, Turin is also the home city for Juventus FC and Torino FC, both clubs accommodated in the municipal stadium, Stadio Communale. . Juventus threatened to leave the city, just as American teams do in order to secure new private stadia and Turin appears to have bowed to this threat. El Juventus Stadium és un estadi de futbol de la ciutat italiana de Torí, capital del Piemont.El seu propietari és el Juventus Football Club, sent el primer club italià en tenir un estadi en propietat. 18The research, that lasted from 2014–2017, looked for visible fan forums or other organized internet websites in support or opposition to the project but found none and Juventus’ official website included only a list of the stadium’s stages of construction. La Stampa and other great Turin dailies were owned by Fiat for years. Stone CN. The Diamond in the Bronx: Yankee Stadium and the Politics of New York. Opponents view new stadia as commercialized manifestations of global capital flows, crystallizing class divisions, separating the elite from the potentially unruly and conducting surveillance that may be perceived as intrusive on civil liberties (Frank and Steets 2010). The city of Turin and Piedmont Region were procedurally involved as regards the development of Continassa, while the Turin Province and Venaria Reale were overseeing the improvement of the road network (Migliavacca 2012). 30As Pinson (2002, p. 483) put it: Turin had been ‘ruled’ by confrontation between FIAT and the representatives of the working class: the omnipresence of Fordist major industry and its hierarchical forms of organization had tended to make industrial conflict the basic mode of regulation for social relations in the city. Those governing decisions or public actions are not outcomes of hierarchical government structures but rather actions of coalitions of forces engaged in ‘governance’. Either the local regime opted not to fund a new stadium proposal and the decision-making was shifted to the state-level, or the state created a special purpose authority under its auspices to oversee and fund stadium construction. The most relevant was the one from FIAT group, since the latter participated in the competition for the assignment of the construction work, but did not win and the project was assigned to another company (Acqua Marcia). Bennett JT. Globalisation, stadiums and the consumerist city. Available at: http://globalmetrosummit.net/media/nue/2010_NUE_Torino_gmm.pdf (accessed 12 May 2014). Juventus Stadium on Torinossa sijaitseva jalkapallostadion, joka toimii Juventuksen kotistadionina. Currently, he is a PhD candidate at the University of Crete’s Political Science Department, with research interests in the field of sport politics. deMause N, Cagan J. Paramio JL, Buraimo B, Campos C. 2008. van Ostaaijen, JJC. London: Sage. 02.06.2017 Turin: Juventus sign Allianz naming rights deal. Belligni S, Ravazzi S. 2012. Even with Juventus’ ‘departure’, Torino FC would still represent Turin in. The opposition called for Castelanni’s resignation and the Green Party called for a local referendum on the issue. Within this effort, research should also look at the impact of the current economic crisis on the politics of urban development, especially in Southern Europe. Juventus Football Club S.p.A. - Via Druento, 175 - 10151 Turin - ItalySubscribed Capital € 11.406.986,56 - Companies Register, Fiscal Code and VAT number 00470470014 - REA 394963, Photography and content © 2017 Juventus Football Club S.p.A. - All rights reserved, Juventus Official Online Store Customer Care: store-support@juventus.com - Tel. Surely, Juventus’ threat is not comparable to that of an American’s team, either in terms of magnitude or in terms of Italian football’s organisational structure. Monday to Friday (10 am – 8 pm) and Saturday (10 am – 2 pm), excluding holidays. 56The criticism advanced by all those opponents, intellectuals and sceptics was not enough to place the project off its track. References. Following the signs: applying urban regime analysis to a UK case study. 41The secretary of Pro Natura Torino (PNT), a large environmental organisation and close collaborator of WWF added: Juventus not only threatened, but actually played some matches (some minor European competitions…) in other cities, namely Milano, Bologna and Palermo. After 1970, regional governors were directly elected, but the national parties, having colonized the whole of the state apparatus, were able to control them (Keating, 1988). History and description. OpenEdition member – Published with Lodel – Administration only, You will be redirected to OpenEdition Search. The city of Turin and Piedmont Region were procedurally involved as regards the development of Continassa, while the Turin Province and Venaria Reale were overseeing the improvement of the road network (Migliavacca 2012). Urban regimes arise as immature, unintended and uncoordinated outcomes of localized crisis-management strategies (see Brenner 2009) or as well-organised informal coalitions that gain legitimacy through the inclusion of local authorities in leadership positions (see e.g. Netnography: Doing ethnographic research online. In Seixas J (ed). One important element of urban regimes is their continuity over time. owned by FIAT, as well as Juventus’ fans offered symbolic support (Palvarini and Tosi 2013b) – e.g. Holman’s 2007 UK study). 7While some differences appear to exist between the two criteria sets, e.g. London: Sage. Torino: Reclaiming and Diversifying Local Economic Strengths. Juventus fans had never warmed up to Delle Alpi though, with most complaints involving the distance between stands and pitch, poor sightlines and lack of atmosphere. Thirdly, this case study serves as a pilot for at least Italy and possibly other European countries, given recent trends in the demand for new football stadia. The infrastructural axis was the main spring for growth, with the Municipality, FIAT, the Association of builders, the National Railway Company and the Polytechnic and University involved as principal actors. Available at: http://globalmetrosummit.net/media/nue/2010_NUE_Torino_gmm.pdf (accessed 12 May 2014). US Concepts, British Cities and the Limits of Cross-national Applications, Urban Studies 41(11): 2103-2118. Mossberger K, Stoker G. 2001. According to this ruling – 1257 Section V – a transfer is considered legitimate when the football team plays in the top division and it is reasonably believed that the ‘public interest’ is better served if the stadium is used by the team, that mostly provides utility for the local population. 2012. It w… 43With the regime’s strategic plan in action, special variant 56, approved by the city council in December 2002, allowed the transformation of the delle Alpi area from "green and services" to a “public services” area, i.e., public spaces, playground and sports, with the area intended in part for tertiary activities and equipment of service to people and businesses. The monarchy of the Savoys was substituted by the Agnelli monarchy. E-book available at: www.lulu.com. Available at: www.geocities.ws/juventusfootball/news/archived99/111099.htm (accessed 12 February 2016). Juventus 2020/21 Tickets Are Available! 33Elected in 1993, with new mayoral powers, according to Law 81/1993, Castellani had realized that the transformation of Turin would require the involvement of a wide range of social, economic, political and cultural actors in the city (Burdett et al 2010). FIAT and the Agnelli family were also making sure that their friends received appointments in important managerial positions in public and semi-public organisations. John P, Cole A.1998. However, searching through the city and region portals, using key words such as “Variante di Citta di Torino” (variants of the Turin city), revealed several key Turin city documents which were translated and properly analysed in narrating the case. , Anno 35- Novembre 2008-No. While the answer to the second part of the question appears to be negative – as already explained – European scholars have not dealt with the issue as of yet. Fifty-seven public and private leaders signed the plan, which became the first strategic plan ever drafted by an Italian city. A DLA Piper expert posits: …the procedure follows three steps (a) the interested party submits a feasibility study accompanied by a financial plan for the project, and a principal user agreement with one or more associations or clubs, to the municipality; (b) if the project is approved at this first stage, the municipality declares it to be of public interest within 90 days; (c) the final proposal is then submitted to the region or the municipality which will decide whether the project should go ahead, possibly making its approval conditional on any changes deemed necessary (Inzaghi 2014, p. 46). Domesticating Urban Theory? On 8 September 2011, the Juventus Stadium was inaugurated in a ceremony with a great impact on national and international media. This is followed by the research method employed in the analysis of the case and the detailed narratives underlying the urban politics dimensions of Juventus’ new football stadium project, before concluding. Pinson G. 2002. The software used for this video is Sony Vegas Pro 13.Allianz Stadium is lit this season! NY: Oxford University Press. Fiat accompanied you from birth to the tomb. London: LSE Next Urban Economy Series. Operazione Continassa. They accompanied you for the whole arch of your life. provided a basis, supporting the diversification and re-orientation of the city’s economy, less dependent on FIAT. On 8 September 2011, the Juventus Stadium was inaugurated in a ceremony with a great impact on national and international media. 22The turning point for the transformation of Italy’s local government system came in the 1990s, with two major reforms, relating to the direct election of the mayors and the new style of city governance: Law 142/1990 and Law 81/1993. The political system has mobilized to produce specific legislation promoting extremely facilitated procedures for the construction of such stadia. Cities and territorial competitiveness, in: C. Rumford (ed.) It can hold 41,254 people. League Structure & Stadium Rent Seeking - The Antitrust Role Reconsidered. Allianz Stadium é um estádio de futebol em Turim, Piemonte, Itália que hospeda os jogos da Juventus e que é de propriedade da mesma sociedade. The research, that lasted from 2014–2017, looked for visible fan forums or other organized internet websites in support or opposition to the project but found none and Juventus’ official website included only a list of the stadium’s stages of construction. It exercised a somewhat pre-emptive power strategy to make sure that nobody would do anything to bother it or stand as an obstacle in its way. Many thanks also to several people for their precious help in making the paper publishable. In October 2009, following earlier deliberations, with the advent of the global economic crisis, Bill 2800 was submitted to the Italian Parliament. 25The regulation explains in detail the administrative procedure to be filed in order to develop sports facilities, sets short deadlines for the approval of the project and its subsequent realisation, and establishes a financial fund in order to support the promoters. The Seats Were Great And We Will Book The Tickets Again from onlineticketexpress.com Website! Juventus Stadium is a sports stadium in Turin, Italy. How important is the Italian extra-urban institutional structure – e.g. Ordinary Interpellation 2007 03692/002. As regards municipal areas, the city cannot transfer ownership or real rights of the surface area directly to sporting associations at market price, but through an open tendering procedure between the proposer and other market participants. Regime Politics in London Local Government, Urban Affairs Review 34(4): 515-545. 2010. The coalition embraced both local government and nongovernmental actors around a local policy agenda spelled out in the city’s Master Plan and focused on infrastructural, technological and cultural developments. Paper prepared for Workshop 6 “Institutional Innovations in Local Democracy” ECPR JOINT SESSIONS Turin, Italy, 22-27 March. Surely, Juventus’ threat is not comparable to that of an American’s team, either in terms of magnitude or in terms of Italian football’s organisational structure. 59Juventus’s bid for a new private stadium was successful. Mapping the global football field: a sociological model of transnational forces within the world game, The British Journal of Sociology 63(2): 216-240. La politica e la città. In 1995, Turin’s new masterplan (. ) It is also commercially known as the Allianz Stadium since July 2017. Juventus Stadium je nogometni stadion kojeg koristi talijanski prvoligaÅ¡ Juventus.Izgrađen je na mjestu starog Delle Alpija u Torinu.Otvoren je na početku sezone 2011./12 Serie A te je prva službena utakmica odigrana 11. rujna 2011. protiv Parme.Prvi povijesni pogodak na novom stadionu postigao je Stephan Lichtsteiner u 17. minuti utakmice.. Juventus Stadium ima kapacitet od 41.000 gledatelja The plan’s three axes were infrastructure, (the physical transformation of the city), (the enhancement of the science and technology sectors), (the promotion of culture and leisure). It is also the stronghold of automaker FIAT, which has earned it the label ‘Italian Detroit’. which belongs to the Sportfive Group - a European leader in the field of sports marketing - concluded a 20-year long agreement with Juventus under which it can sell the naming right of the new stadium. The Sage Handbook of European Studies, pp. 44In December 2005, the city council passed variant 123, which increased the share of commercial activities provided in the district Stadio delle Alpi further. Juventus Football Club S.p.A. 46Between November 2008 and August 2011, the projects were advanced and completed quickly by Italian standards, thanks to the use of simplified planning procedures followed by the city, which were only formally approved by the Provincial authority as regards safety standards. Davies JS. Stone (1989, p. 6) defines urban regimes as “, the informal arrangements by which public bodies and private interests function together in order to be able to make and carry out governing decisions, ”. Stone CN. Finally, a writer (d’Angelo 2014) and former athlete, who was a critic of Turin's style of decision-making, expressed an extreme view: First Juventus has destroyed the value of the stadium (80 million euro paid by the city and by the Italian government…). Development in Chicago: Some Cautionary Notes on the Uses of Regime Analysis, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 30(1): 38–53. The Director of the International Commission for the Protection of the Alps. First, he worked closely with the Regional Authority and the Polytechnic School. 278 likes. Sag M, Haddock D, Jacobi T. 2013. in “Sport & Society” and was a research associate with the Sport and Leisure Cultures Research Group, University of Brighton, UK. Finally, Blanco’s (2015) study of Barcelona shows that URT can help overcome the networks/neoliberalism dualism, by showing how different coalitions mobilise different sets of resources over time and in different policy arenas. Explaining “Power to”: Incubation and Agenda Building in an Urban Regime, Urban Affairs Review, DOI: 10.1177/1078087415598579. They Play, You Pay: Why Taxpayers Build Ballparks, Stadiums, and Arenas for Billionaire Owners and Millionaire Players. Within this effort, research should also look at the impact of the current economic crisis on the politics of urban development, especially in Southern Europe. a regime’s longevity and the identity of its nongovernmental members (see Van Ostaaijen 2010), it is now generally recognized that urban regime coalitions are not temporary, their nongovernmental partners are not limited to businesspersons, collaboration is based on social production, and policy agendas are identifiable. Dizionario dello Stadio delle Alpi. 2001. 28Regarding FIAT’s involvement in Turin’s politics and governance, a respected local journalist has stated (O’Leary 2009) that: Globally, a rapport between a city and a company such as that between Fiat and Turin has never existed, and never will. Finally, the argument advanced by the stadium’s critics that it was a city ‘gift’ to Juventus is in line with claims by American scholars that private sports stadia are financed with public funds, although the finance form in this case was not direct taxes or tax-exempt bonds. JUVENTUS STADIUM, San Ambrogio Di Torino, Piemonte, Italy. Stadion Juventus (sebelumnya dikenal dengan nama Juventus Arena) adalah sebuah nama stadion sepak bola di Torino, Piemonte yang menjadi stadion tuan rumah untuk pertandingan klub sepak bola Juventus. 48The stadium project had ‘gatekeepers’, supporters and opponents. Available at: https://www.google.gr/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CCkQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Ftorino.pronatura.it%2Fdo.download_attach.php%3Fid%3D31&ei=Ib2eVJ_yE4GxUcD5gfgK&usg=AFQjC NELukfkJCjlqzsweNgxXlWw4fPcAQ (accessed 12 May 2015). Churchman C. 1995. Even the supreme administrative court’s 1994 ruling was in favour of Juventus’ bid for a new private stadium. Chiamparino maintained the alliance with the local elites and carried out the previously planned projects (Belligni and Ravazzi 2012). London: Routledge. 2008. Material supplied by the known global law firm DLA Piper, Italy, as well as private communications with the firm’s staff assisted the analysis greatly. Pinson G. 2002. 2010. Juventus-Genoa è in programma domenica 23 aprile ore 20:45 con la formazione bianconera che torna allo Stadium dopo la trasferta di Barcellona. Stone CN. Juve Threaten to Leave Turin After Stadium Row Erupts. Political Government and Governance: Strategic Planning and the Reshaping of Political Capacity in Turin, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 26(3): 477493. if there was any local opposition to the project.

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