The first base was at Izmail (Black sea), commanded by an Army colonel, Nicolae Steriade. Two naval actions involving the Romanian Navy took place during the second phase of the evacuation (25 April-10 May), near Sevastopol. Their mission was to harass Soviet communication and supply lines. [12] Four gunboats were purchased from the French Navy: Stihi, Dumitrescu, Lepri and Ghiculescu. During the night of 18 September 1941, the motor torpedo boats Viscolul and Vijelia attacked a Soviet convoy South of Odessa, each boat launching her two torpedoes at the closest enemy destroyer. [21] A number of warships were never returned. The naval war in the Black Sea commenced with the Raid on Constanța on 26 June 1941, the only encounter between major warships during the entire campaign. The main success of the war was the sinking of the Turkish river monitor "Seyfî" near Măcin by a group of spar torpedo boats including "Rândunica" and the Russian Carevitch and Ksenya crafts. [1] In 1867, the royal yacht "Ștefan cel Mare" (Stephen the Great) entered service, followed by "Fulgerul" (The Lightning) gunboat in 1874 and the "Rândunica" (The Swallow) spar torpedo boat in 1875. [5] A number of these warships would have been built under license in Romania at Galați, where a new dry dock was developed. [55] In addition, five Italian-built CB-class midget submarines were temporarily acquired in the autumn of 1943, however only two could be made serviceable before being returned to the Italian R.S.I. Ships could also be fitted wit… After the War of Independence, two naval rearmament programs were proposed for the Black Sea flotilla. Licitaţia de modernizare a navei pentru cercetări maritime şi scafandri „Grigore Antipa” 21 mai 2018. The Royal Romanian Navy was involved in the evacuation of Axis forces from Crimea in 1944. [5] The main task of the Romanian Flotilla Corps was to transport Russian troops, equipment and supplies across the Danube and to protect the bridges across the river by using mine barrages in key points. The Romanian media reacted with shock and outrage to news of the 31 January 2006 acquittal on negligent homicide charges by a U.S. court martial of Van … [65], The Romanian Black Sea Fleet in June 1941, Romanian naval operations in support of Axis land offensives. Standard equipment includes PA md. On 18 April, the Soviet Leninets-class submarine L-6 was twice attacked with depth charges and damaged by the Romanian gunboat Ghiculescu, numerous bubbles emerged from the depths after each attack, before being finished off by the German submarine hunter UJ-104. In total, Romanian and German convoys evacuated over 113,000 Axis troops from the Crimea, most of them (over 63,000) during the first phase of the evacuation (15-25 April). Seven 25-ton Italian MAS motor torpedo boats, each armed with two 350 mm torpedoes, were also acquired in 1943 without being used. [1] The main goal of the navy was to organize, train and expand this small force. Losses, however, had been huge with over 130,000 men (including 5,400 officers) killed or wounded. Alexandru Ioan Cuza, the founder of the Romanian Navy. The SMR (Serviciul Maritim Român, the Romanian state merchant marine) was also endowed with a number of new ships: the steamer Oituz, the ex-German freighters Ardeal, Peleș, Alba Iulia and Suceava (all of them commissioned between 1932-1933), the passenger liners Basarabia and Transilvania (bought from Germany in 1938) and four new freighters from Italy just before the start of the Second World War: Balcic, Cavarna, Mangalia and Sulina. [12][13][14][15], On 1 October, the Soviet submarine M-118 attacked and sank the German transport ship Salzburg. [1] The first Commander-in-chief of the navy was Colonel Nicolae Steriade. boy one; 1st c of mt: first captain of the maintop; 1st c of t: first captain of tops; 1st mus: musician first (writing musician) 2nd c of mt: second captain of the maintop The Romanian Navy has been founded in 1860 as a river flotilla on the Danube. [1] The Romanian flotilla leader Mărăști and the destroyer Regina Maria together with the minelayer Amiral Murgescu defended the port against the Soviet cruiser Voroshilov and the Leningrad-class destroyer leaders Kharkov and Moskva. This is the current structure of the Romanian Navy: Soldiers from the 307th Marine Battalion disembark from a Dutch landing ship at Vadu beach during a military exercise. There were also approximately six older gunboats used for border patrol, minelayers and other auxiliary ships used for transport or supply. Sailing Ships 1 Allegheny (AT19), formerly the Huron. No Romanian Navy warships were lost during the evacuation, however the destroyer Regele Ferdinand was close to being sunk. Three rearmament plans were implemented: during 1883-1885, 1886-1888 and 1906-1908. Romanian names contain a first name and the last name. [19] Until King Michael's Coup, the Romanian Navy retreated behind the protection of the coastal mine barrages and anti-aircraft defences of Constanța as the Soviet Air Force began to launch heavy air attacks. Though the senate lost most of its political power under the empire, families of senatorial rank were still the elite. [17] In comparison, the Soviet Black Sea Fleet had a battleship, three medium cruisers, three light cruisers, three flotilla leaders, eight modern destroyers, five old destroyers, two large torpedo boats, 47 submarines and many other auxiliary and small vessels. [30], On 24 June 1942, Amiral Murgescu along with one auxiliary minelayer laid mines off Odessa, while being escorted by the Romanian destroyers Regele Ferdinand and Regina Maria, the Romanian flotilla leader Mărășești, the Romanian gunboats Ghiculescu, Stihi and Dumitrescu and the Romanian gunboat Smeul (ex-torpedo boat), as well as German motor minesweepers of the Donau Flotilla. The Danube Division had to be strengthened by 8 river monitors (4 which were built) and 12 river torpedo-boats (8 were built). The ultimate A-Z Romanian names list, complete with name meanings, origins and background info for all Romanian baby names. The following major seaports were protected by Romanian mine barrages by the end of 1943: Romania capitulated on 23 August 1944, in the aftermath of a successful Soviet land offensive. Romanian Navy during the War of Independence. *Each nation is assessed on individual and collective values processed through an in-house formula to generate a 'PwrIndx' score. [36][37][38] The Soviet submarine M-31 was either sunk as well by the Romanian mine barrages near the island on 17 December,[39][40] or sunk by the Romanian leader Mărășești in 1943. The Romanian Naval Forces lost the anti-submarine gunboat Remus Lepri in 1941, during minelaying trials after she was converted to minelayer. The British torpedo boats from the Căpitan Nicolae Lascăr Bogdan class were built during 1906-1907 and weighed 50 tons each. "MIRCEA", CAP COMPAS - MAREA BALTICĂ 23 mai - 22 septembrie 2017. These actions, combined with the Axis ground troops advancing from the North, determined the Soviet Danube Flotilla to evacuate the Danube Delta on 18–19 July, allowing the Romanian marines to cross the Chilia branch and occupy Southern Bessarabia. [7] The Romanian Navy had to rely on the armed merchant ships of the state merchant marine, known as SMR (Serviciul Maritim Român). The base was later moved to 1864 at Brăila and eventually in 1867 at Galați which saw various inffrastructu… Equipment includes two Type 22 frigates, one "Mărășești" class frigate, four corvettes (two Tetal-I and two Tetal-II), three Tarantul-I missile corvettes, three Osa class torpedo boats, one minelayer, four minesweepers, three "Mihail Kogălniceanu" class river patrol monitors, five "Smârdan" (Brutar-II) class river patrol monitors and other small crafts and auxiliary ships.[2]. The Romanian naval commander, Rear Admiral Horia Macellariu, was awarded the German Ritterkreuz after Operation 60,000, the contingency plan for the evacuation of Crimea. ZIUA MARINEI ROMÂNE - 115 ani de tradiţie 15 august 2017. Also, two companies from this unit have participated in the KFOR mission "Joint Enterprise" in 2008-09.[1]. The Romanian Navy was founded in 1860 as a river flotilla on the Danube. Regele Ferdinand frigate is the current flagship of the Romanian Navy. During World War II, the Royal Romanian Navy received two submarines built at Galați and a number of small other vessels. [31] The mines laid near Odessa later sank the Soviet submarines M-33 and M-60[32] and the motor gunboats YA-26 and YA-27 in 1944. Mines were the main cause of Soviet submarine losses in the Black Sea naval war. These ships represented the Romanian Flotilla during the War of Independence. The auxiliary minelayer Regele Carol I, seen here in Constanța military harbour just before her last mission. [10] The Romanian Navy had a secondary role during World War I and only had light losses. 173 to unify the navies into a single flotilla. Like the nineteenth century aristocracy, they expected senior military positions to go to them.The tribunus laticlavius was the second-in-command of a legion, the most junior officer role of the senatorial class. The last phase of the evacuation (10-14 May) saw the fiercest combat, as Axis ships transported, under constant attacks from Soviet aircraft and shore artillery, over 30,000 troops. [8] The protected cruiser had guarded the mouths of the river Danube during the Second Balkan War, but she was disarmed when World War I began. [5][13] Another gunboat of the same class was bought for spares. Naval engagements took place on 13 and 14 July, near the mouth of the Danube, on each day the Romanian monitor Mihail Kogălniceanu engaging and damaging a Soviet monitor, the latter being identified as Udarnyy. 7,150 men and women serve in the Romanian Navy. [59] Also sunk by Soviet aircraft was the minelayer Aurora, on 15 July 1941, near Sulina. The WW1 Romanian Navy. The ship was purchased in 1861 and was later transformed into a warship at Meyer naval shipyard in Linz, being christened "România" when it was launched at Galați harbor. This one was able to be constituted thanks to the access to the black sea which it gained at the end of the Russo-Turkish war. Legates or Lieutenants are the second rank holders in the roman military hierarchy who are responsible for commanding legions.The commandants at this position are in charge of a host of tasks. Ships with multiple levels of rowers, such as the trireme, were fast and manoeuvrable enough to attack enemy vessels by ramming. [20], The evacuation of the Crimea in April–May 1944 was the most complex and extensive operation of the Romanian Navy during the Second World War. [16] The Mărăști class destroyers were obsolete warships that had seen service with the Italian Navy during World War I as Sparviero and Nibbio. [63], Starting September 1944, the Soviet Navy moved all Romanian warships to Caucasian ports. Following the unification of the principalities of Romania and Wallachia, the Romanian Navy was created by Alexandru Ioan Cuza (ruling Domnitor) on 22 October 1860 as the Flotilla Corps. The protected cruiser Elisabeta (Elizabeth), built in 1888 by Armstrong. [13] These ships were commissioned between 1930 and 1936. The small, but successful navy had demonstrated the need for a strong Danube flotilla in order to secure the southern border of Romania. From 15 April to 14 May, numerous German and Romanian warships escorted many convoys between Constanța and Sevastopol. [5], In 1936, a new rearmament program was proposed. Independent since 1878, Romania already had a flotilla on the Danube, but no real fleet. The Sea Slice combat ship is now one of the best crafts a civilian can buy. On the capitulation of Romania in August 1944, the German warships were ordered to leave Romanian harbours. This US Navy ship is a steal; it originally went for $15 million in the '90s. 24 iulie 2020. In the ensuing battle, the Soviet Shchuka-class submarine Shch-206 was attacked by Năluca, at first with 20 mm rounds and then with depth charges, eventually being sunk with all hands. [43][44], In support of the Romanian-led Siege of Odessa, the Romanian Navy dispatched motor torpedo boats to the recently occupied port of Ochakiv (Oceacov or Vozia in Romanian). Noutăţi. Axworthy, Mark; Scafeș, Cornel; Crăciunoiu, Cristian (1995). [5], Following the end of World War I, the Kingdom of Romania took possession over three Austro-Hungarian river monitors[6] (renamed after the newly incorporated territories of Ardeal, Basarabia and Bucovina) and purchased in 1921 four Italian patrol boats. romanian navy. "Fulgerul" (The Lighting) gunboat, built in 1873 at Toulon, was the first military ship to have sailed under Romanian flag in maritime waters. The Axis offensives into the Soviet Union were discontinued after Operation Uranus, which took place between 19 and 23 November 1942, during the Battle of Stalingrad. They were armed with three 12-cm cannons each. Thus, by the end of 1943, the main operational warships of the Romanian Black Sea Fleet amounted to: Throughout the war, numerous ports along the Western and Northern shores of the Black Sea were put under the protection of Romanian naval minefields. Fifty-nine words which originally appeared in an addenda page have been integrated in the main text of the document. [18], The two Regele Ferdinand class destroyers were the most powerful surface units available to the Axis powers during the naval war in the Black Sea but were mostly used for convoy escort. 64 light machine guns, Md. [14], The expansion of the Romanian Navy during the interwar period required more training facilities and ships. Torpiloarele României: vedetele Vosper . Nave româneşti uitate: bolozanul . The two submarines, Rechinul and Marsuinul, were received however too late in the war to see significant action, as after 1941 there were very few available targets.[19]. The first step towards this issue was taken in 1920, when a naval college was founded at Constanța. On 19 August, a day before the Soviet offensive started the Navy had 54 ships on the Black Sea (29 warships and 25 auxiliary) and 137 on the Danube (37 warships and 100 auxiliary), a marine regiment, a navy engineers regiment and a coastal artillery regiment. Ghiculescu opened fire with tracer rounds, enabling the entire escort group to locate the two Soviet MTBs and open fire. [58] These supplemented the existing squadron of seven motor torpedo boats, consisting of the British-built Viscolul and the six Romanian-built Vedenia-class vessels. Three of the four torpedoes missed. The old brig Mircea was also sunk during a Soviet air raid on 17 April 1944. [25], Between 7 and 16 October 1941, Amiral Murgescu along with two auxiliary minelayers, all three escorted by the Romanian 250t-class torpedo boats Năluca, Sborul and Smeul, the Romanian gunboats Sublocotenent Ghiculescu and Căpitan Dumitrescu and the Bulgarian torpedo boats Drazki, Smeli and Hrabri, laid four full minefields and one partial minefield along the Bulgarian coast. One more armored motor gunboat was sunk at Isaccea by the riverine artillery of a Romanian Marine Infantry detachment. After attacking, the submarine was located by a German BV 138C flying boat, and the Romanian gunboats Sublocotenent Ghiculescu and Stihi Eugen were sent to the scene. Officers were then trained at Brest, in France. These ships, together with the ones already in service, made Romania's Danube flotilla the most powerful riverine fleet in the world until World War II. [9][10][11] According to other sources however submarine M-59 was lost due to mines earlier that date. [47] The submarine was subsequently attacked by Soviet forces but she followed a route along the Turkish coast and managed to evade up to 80 depth charges, before safely arriving in the port of Constanța on 7 November. [5] The river monitors participated in the defense of Tutrakan and later secured the flank of the Romanian and Russian defenders in Dobrudja. "The 307 Marine Battalion is destined to carry out military operations in an amphibious river and lagoon environment, the security of objectives in the coastal area, the Danube Delta and the support of local authorities in case of a civil emergency. [24] Throughout the war, the mines laid off Constanța also sank four Soviet submarines (Shch-213, M-58, M-34 and Shch-208). [5] Officers were initially sent to Brest Naval Training Centre in France, as the Military School in Bucharest did not have a naval section. Articles with Romanian-language external links, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Mihail Kogălniceanu class river patrol monitors, "Mihail Kogălniceanu" class river patrol monitors, Official site of the Romanian Naval Forces, Black Sea Naval Co-operation Task Group (BLACKSEAFOR), https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Romanian_Naval_Forces?oldid=4687941, Pages using infobox military unit with unknown parameters, Naval Helicopter Group (IAR Puma Naval helicopters), 88 River Patrol Boat Squadron (VB 76 class), "Vice Admiral Constantin Bălescu" Naval Training School, "Admiral I. Murgescu" Navy Petty Officer School, "CALLATIS" Radio-Electronics and Surveillance Center, Training, Simulation and Evaluation Center. The older vessels were received in September 1945, while the more modern ones (such as the Regele Ferdinand class) were kept by the Soviet Black Sea Fleet until early 1950s. [29], On 9 November 1941, the Romanian motor torpedo boats Viforul and Vijelia were sunk near Odessa by Soviet mines. In 1898, the "Flotilla Corps", as it was know until then, was organized in two sections: the Danube fleet and the Black Sea fleet. Port stern quarter, underway. However, the navy had a low priority within the Romanian Army. was formed in the mid 1970s for the defence of the Danube Delta and Romanian Black Sea shore. The Romanian Navy contributed to the offensive, with the monitor Catargiu landing 50 marines to occupy the town of Hârșova on 8 November, after it was abandoned by the retreating enemy.

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